Wednesday 24 September 2014

In West Java, home to a conservative Muslim base that has largely backed Prabowo Subianto, presidential frontrunner Joko “Jokowi” Widodo pledged on Thursday to provide more resources for the development of Islamic boarding schools and teachers.

The pledge came as part of a nine-point working agenda titled the “Jokowi-Jusuf Kalla real program”, launched in West Java’s capital city of Bandung.

“There is no doubt that the contribution of pesantren [Islamic boarding schools] to our education system is very important. It would be a mistake if the government did not take over their development,” said Jokowi.

“Helping pesantren is a must.”

Jokowi and Kalla held a joint press conference in Bandung on the sidelines of Jokowi’s last push to woo voters in the country’s biggest electorate pocket. The province accounts for 17.5 percent of the nation’s 188 million eligible voters.

Jokowi has acknowledged the difficulty of luring voters from the province. “We are quite weak here.”

The province’s governor, Ahmad Heryawan, is a politician with the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), while the mayor of Bandung, Ridwan Kamil, is supported by PKS and Prabowo’s Gerindra Party. PKS is in Prabowo’s nominating coalition.

Although Jokowi’s Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) won the recent legislative election in the province, votes for Jokowi remain fluid due in large part to a smear campaign that has labeled him a Christian of Chinese descent born of a Singaporean parent.

In campaign events in the province, Jokowi has repeatedly denied the allegation.

“Now you can see my ndeso [village] face so you can witness for yourself that I don’t have Singaporean looks as has been alleged,” said Jokowi before thousands of supporters in Garut.

Aside from religious schools, Jokowi also emphasized in his nine-point plan the allocation of an average Rp 1.4 billion (US$117,474) in special aid funds to every village in the country, as well as recruiting village officials as civil servants.

He also vowed to provide a Rp 1-million monthly subsidy for poor families should the national economy grow by more than 7 percent annually.

As West Java is a rice farming hub, Jokowi also promised a land ownership program to 4.5 million families, and pledged to revitalize irrigation on 3 million hectares of farmland.

Perhaps upon hearing of Jokowi’s redoubled efforts in West Java, Prabowo canceled his campaign events in East Java and headed to West Java.

While Jokowi attended a mass gathering on Thursday afternoon at Tegallega Square in Bandung city, Prabowo visited supporters in Ciparay, a district in Bandung regency.

The candidates’ rallies were held only around 50 kilometers away from each other.

According to the schedule submitted by Prabowo’s campaign team to the General Elections Commission (KPU) last month, he was initially scheduled to visit the East Java cities of Tuban and Bojonegoro on Thursday, raising speculation that the team was no longer expecting victory in the country’s most populous province.

Prabowo campaign spokesperson Bara Hasibuan, however, quickly denied the speculation, saying that Prabowo considered both provinces equally important.

“We are confident about the prospect of winning in East Java. We have also seen West Java as an important campaign battleground that could provide a significant number of votes for us.”

Prabowo’s running mate Hatta Rajasa also visited the West Java city of Tasikmalaya after making a short trip in Central Java.

Jokowi – Jusuf Kalla real programs:
  1. Increase the salary of Indonesian Military (TNI) officers, police officers and civil servants gradually over five years and improve their professionalism.
  2. Allocate an average of Rp 1.4 billion (US$117,474) in special aid funds to every village. Recruit village officials as civil servants.
  3. Provide a Rp 1-million monthly subsidy to poor families should the national economy grow by more than 7 percent annually.
  4. Offer a land ownership program to 4.5 million families. Establish or revitalize irrigation on 3 million hectares (ha) of farmland. Establish 25 dams and 1 million ha of new agricultural land outside of Java. Establish a bank for farmers and small businesses. Empower the State Logistics Agency (Bulog).
  5. Revitalize 5,000 traditional markets and establish fish auction, storage and processing facilities.
  6. Provide 10 million new jobs within five years. Provide every cooperative with a Rp 10-million annual support fund. Empower and promote digital and creative industries.
  7. Provide free inpatient and outpatient services with Healthy Indonesia Card (KIS). Provide 6,000 community health centers (Puskesmas) with inpatient facilities and clean water.
  8. Improve the education quality of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and increase the welfare of their teachers.
  9. Provide education for all citizens with Smart Indonesia Card (KIP). Provide quality education facilities and syllabus. Guarantee teachers’ welfare and increase teachers’ benefit. Continue the teacher certification program.
News Source: thejakartapost.com

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JAKARTA - President-elect Joko Widodo said the advantages of the implementation of direct elections.

First, he said that if the elections directly, criteria for prospective participants can direct election to public attention.

"If elected directly, it will be more attention to the people," said Joko Widodo or Jokowi greeting Marunda towers in the area, North Jakarta, Thursday (25/09/2014).

Secondly, Jokowi said people have the right political and sovereign people to determine who will lead.
"In the election, anyone who have best character and understand about community problems will be the leader," Jokowi said.

Third, further Jokowi, with direct elections chosen by the people, who elected regional head has a moral burden and responsibility to society.

"The third, the head would be morally burdened if elected by the people. He must pay attention to the people, because he was chosen by them, not when the council selected. Definitely different," said the man who still holds the office as Governor of DKI Jakarta.

News Source: tribunnews.com

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Gold futures on the COMEX division of the New York Mercantile Exchange slipped at the close of trading Wednesday (Thursday morning GMT), due to a stronger stock market the United States (USA) and translucent dollar record high in four years.

Reporting from Xinhua on Thursday (25/09/2014), the most active gold contract for December delivery fell $ 2.5 or 0.2 percent to $ 1,219.5 per ounce.

Gold prices fall as a result of sustained dollar rally. ICE dollar index, the size of the currency against six major rivals, jumped above 85, seen since July 2010 the same index showed an increase of more than 6 percent in the third quarter of 2014.

A report released by the Commerce Department showed new home sales jumped 18 percent berduuga not in August. Gold does not extend losses after the release of this report, but the strengthening of the dollar price of gold continued to press.

Not only gold, silver prices for December delivery also lost $ 7.7 cents, or 0.43 percent to $ 17,702 per ounce. Platinum for October delivery fell $ 13.3 or 1 percent to $ 1,319.4 per ounce. (NDW)

News Source: liputan6.com

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President Director of PT Pertamina Karen Agustiawan confirmed the importance of human resource (HR) development. The proof, Pertamina with capital that made ​​it into the group of 500 companies of the world Global Fortune magazine (Fortune 500).

"Oil and gas industry or the oil and gas companies can survive for 3 things develop. Firstly HR, second HR and third HR. Human resource (HR) had to be developed, and this became the reason for Pertamina entered the Fortune 500," Karen said when opening the National Science Olympiad (OSN) ke- 7, at the Hall of the University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java, on Thursday (25/9).

On this basis, according to Karen, Pertamina serious about developing quality human resources. One of them by organizing OSN followed by 35 thousand students from all over Indonesia with a total prize of Rp 2 billion.

"Now we want to make seeds that are willing to work and there is continuity. If you want to know the vision and mission of Pertamina, at least once a week to open a website Pertamina," he said.

According to Karen, one of the causes of the oil and gas companies in other countries could develop due to collaborate with higher education institutions. OSN is a program of corporate social responsibility (CSR) Pertamina in education.

"Through this OSN will print brilliant generation that played an active role in nation building and sensitivity to the problems of the nation."

In the opening of the OSN, Karen handed the electric car at the University of Indonesia.

"This form of Pertamina support environmentally friendly transportation and does not rely on non-renewable fossil fuels."

News Source: Merdeka.com

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Thursday 4 September 2014

Harmful preservatives is still rife found in many types of food or drink, especially in many developing countries such as Indonesia. The fact is very much the case in which the composition of the preservative should not be used in a product still used and intentionally not mentioned in the list poduk composition to pass the certification of existing regulatory bodies. The following article is taken from http://doctor.ndtv.com/ to be learning together about the dangers of food adulterant preservatives.

Contaminated foods and drinks are common sources of infection. Among the more common infections that one can get from contaminated foods and drinks are typhoid fever Escherichia coli infections, shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, other salmonelloses, cholera, rotavirus infections, also a variety of worm infestations. Many of the infectious diseases transmitted in food and water can also be acquired directly through the faecal-oral route.

Food adulteration

Food adulteration is the act of intentionally debasing the quality of food offered for sale either by the admixture or substitution of inferior substances or by the removal of some valuable ingredient. Food is declared adulterated if:
  • a substance is added which depreciates or injuriously affects it
  • cheaper or inferior substances are substituted wholly or in part
  • any valuable or necessary constituent has been wholly or in part abstracted
  • it is an imitation
  • it is coloured or otherwise treated, to improve its appearance or if it contains any added substance injurious to health
Food-preservatives have a very extensive use, which often constitutes adulteration. Salt is the classic preservative, but is seldom classified as an adulterant. Salicylic, benzoic, and boric acids, and their sodium salts, formaldehyde, ammonium fluoride, sulphurous acid and its salts are among the principal preservatives. Many of these appear to be innocuous, but there is danger that the continued use of food preserved by these agents may be injurious. Some preservatives have been conclusively shown to be injurious when used for long periods.

Coal-tar colours are employed a great deal, pickles and canned vegetables are sometimes coloured green with copper salts; butter is made more yellow by anatta; turmeric is used in mustard and some cereal preparations. Apples are the basis for many jellies, which are coloured so as to simulate finer ones. In confectionery, dangerous colours, such as chrome yellow, prussian blue, copper and arsenic compounds are employed. Yellow and orange-coloured sweets are to be suspected. Artificial flavouring compounds are employed in the concoction of fruit syrups, especially those used for soda water. Milk is adulterated with water, and indirectly by removing the cream. The addition of water may introduce disease germs. Cream is adulterated with gelatin, and formaldehyde is employed as a preservative for it. Butter is adulterated to an enormous extent with oleomargarine, a product of beef fat. Brick dust in chilli powder, coloured chalk powder in turmeric, injectable dyes in watermelon, peas, capsicum, brinjal, papaya seeds in black pepper etc.

To avoid illness, one is advised to select foods with care. All raw foods must be checked for contamination particularly in areas where hygiene and sanitation are inadequate. One is advised to avoid salads, uncooked vegetables, and unpasteurised milk and milk products such as cheese, and to eat only food that has been cooked and is still hot. Undercooked and raw meat, fish, and shellfish can carry various intestinal pathogens. Cooked food that has been allowed to stand for several hours at ambient temperature can provide a fertile medium for bacterial growth and should be thoroughly reheated before serving. Consumption of food and beverages obtained from street food vendors has been associated with an increased risk of illness.

Water

Water that has been adequately chlorinated, by using the minimum recommended water treatment standard provide protection against viral and bacterial waterborne diseases. However, chlorine treatment alone, as used in the routine disinfection of water, might not kill some enteric viruses and the parasitic organisms that cause giardiasis, amoebiasis, and cryptosporidiosis. In areas where chlorinated tap water is not available or where hygiene and sanitation are poor, one is advised that only the following might be safe to drink:
  • Beverages, such as tea and coffee, made with boiled water
  • Beer and wine
  • The safety of canned or bottled carbonated beverages, including carbonated bottled water and soft drinks is questionable nowadays.
Where water might be contaminated, one is advised that ice should also be considered contaminated and should not be used in beverages. If ice has been in contact with containers used for drinking, one should thoroughly clean the containers, preferably with soap and hot water, after the ice has been discarded.

It is safer to drink a beverage directly from the can or bottle than from a questionable container. However, water on the outside of beverage cans or bottles might also be contaminated. Therefore, one should be advised to dry wet cans or bottles before they are opened and to wipe clean surfaces with which the mouth will have direct contact. Where water might be contaminated, one is advised to avoid brushing their teeth with tap water. The following methods may be used for treating water to make it safe for drinking and other purposes.
  • Boiling
  • Chemical disinfection (for eg. chlorine tablets)
  • Water filters
Proper selection, operation, care, and maintenance of water filters are essential to producing safe water. If no source of safe drinking water is available or can be obtained, tap water that is uncomfortably hot to touch might be safer than cold tap water; however, proper disinfection, filtering, or boiling is still advised.

Source article: http://doctor.ndtv.com/

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Dye synthesis is widely used in food. Information health hazard chemical use is still too little. The information contained below illustrates how dangerous the use of synthetic dyes in food products or beverages. So be careful..!!

Food coloring is a tactic the food industry has utilized for decades. From those marshmallows floating in your bowl of milk to brightly colored oranges, even the most common household foods contain ingredients such as Red #40 (the most widely consumed artificial dye) and Yellow #5.

However, the dangers of artificial dyes are often an issue in food safety, with many claiming them to be toxic and a factor to the rise of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) in recent years. Curiously enough, many natural colors previously used to color food contained toxins such as mercury, and at the turn of the 20th century, companies began to create synthetic solutions to replace harmful natural dyes.

Unfortunately, these new artificial dyes came with their own set of issues. Colors to Die For breaks down the most common artificial dyes, featuring which countries ban them, which foods they’re found in, and their accompanying health concerns.

Try going a day without exposure to artificial colors. Kool-aid and Jell-O may be among the most obviously artificially colored products, but they’re far from being the only ones that Americans use on a regular basis.

Adding colors to food can make them look a lot more appealing – a tactic the food industry has been capitalizing on for decades. Would your children rather eat muted brown cereal or the rainbow-colored brand? Are you more tempted to purchase a bright green pickle, or a grayish one?

Many popular candies, drinks, popsicles, puddings, yogurts, gums, boxed mac n’ cheeses, baking mixes, pickles, meats, fruits, sauces and chips contain ingredients such as Yellow #5, Blue #1, and Red #40 – three of the most popular FDA-permitted ones. As if that’s not enough, the dye in our day isn’t limited to food. Chances are, if you take vitamins, use cough syrup, brush your teeth, wash your hands, shampoo your hair, launder your clothing and moisturize your lips on a daily basis — you come into contact with artificial dyes quite frequently.

The safety of products containing artificial colors has been a point of debate for decades – adversaries claiming that they are toxic, carcinogens and contributors to ADHD. Still, seven dyes remain on the FDA’s approved list for use in the United States. Whether or not external exposure to artificial colors is hazardous to our health is even less evident. Because personal care products that contain artificial colors almost always contain numerous other unnatural chemicals, (sodium lauryl sulfate, parabens, etc.) if a consumer experiences skin irritation or a reaction, determining the culpable ingredient can be tricky.

For centuries, people and companies used dyes derived from natural ingredients to color food. But many of these natural colors contained toxins such as mercury, copper and arsenic. Around the turn of the 20th century, scientists began formulating synthetic colors, derived from coal tar, to replace the existing toxic natural ones. Unfortunately, these synthetic alternatives have proven to have their own slew of problems.

In 1906, the Pure Food and Drugs Act (a.k.a. the “Wiley Act”) instituted the first restrictions on color additives in the United States. In general terms, the law banned artificial colors that proved “injurious to health,” and the government hired chemist Dr. Bernard Hesse to investigate which of the existing 80 dyes being used in foods were safe enough to keep legal. The next three decades saw a process of eliminating colors that caused recurrent adverse health effects in the public. By 1938, only 15 synthetic colors were still legal, and those were subsequently divided into three categories: those suitable for foods, drugs, and cosmetics; those suitable only for drugs and cosmetics; and those suitable only for cosmetics.

Today only seven colors remain on the FDA’s approved list. Almost every decade, another coal tar issue surfaces, eliminating more and more of the artificial additives in America. For example, after Halloween in 1950, the government banned Orange #1 when many children became ill after consumption. In the 1970s, scientific testing pointed to Red #2’s potential carcinogenic properties (caused intestinal tumors in rats), and it too was banned. Yellows #1, #2, #3, and #4 are among the others that have since been made illegal, and Yellow #5 is currently undergoing further testing for links to hyperactivity, anxiety, migraines and cancer (the color has already been banned in many European countries).

The link between artificial colors and behavioral problems is a concern, especially for parents of children diagnosed with ADHD. But conflicting results from studies among scientists explains why there are still seven approved colors in the United States. The CSPI (Center for Science in the Public Interest), a non-profit watchdog group, continues to push to ban the existing dyes, or at least apply warning labels on products that contain them, like the E.U. does for six. After a study in 2007 at the University of Southampton, the six dyes that came to be known as the “Southampton Six” were linked to hyperactivity in children, and now require warning labels in the E.U. The FDA, however, is not so convinced that such measures are necessary.

Not surprisingly, the Grocers Manufacturing Association, whose members include Coca-Cola, Nestle and General Mills, questions the validity of these studies and claims made by groups such as the CSPI. While the FDA does not reject the proposition that the remaining approved artificial colors may carry adverse health effects, its representatives generally agree, stating that further evidence is needed before another ban is enacted. FDA scientists have theorized that bad reactions to artificial colorings in certain individuals may be similar to a food allergy, in that they only affect a small group of people and need be avoided by those select individuals only, as opposed to the entire public.

The IFIC (International Food Info Council), an independent foundation that strives to communicate “science-based information on health, nutrition and food safety for the public good,” has weighed in on the labeling debate too. According to Senior Director of the Food Ingredient department for the IFIC, Lindsey Loving, warning labels could do more harm than good. “Adding a warning statement could confuse the general public for whom the message is not intended, and could cause alarm regarding safe food ingredients that have been consumed by the general public for years,” Loving stated.

In the U.S., many popular products rely heavily on artificial colors, placing pressure on the FDA to both protect the consumer, and avoid making unnecessary regulations based on shaky evidence that could put such companies out of business. While companies that use artificial colors as subtle ingredients to enhance the appearance of food would have to tweak their recipes, candy and cereal companies would take the hardest blows. If Red #40 and Yellow #5 disappear, how will children be able to “experience the rainbow” (Skittles’ tagline)?

Outlawing the seven remaining artificial colors is like requiring that car manufacturers make only electric or extremely fuel-efficient automobiles — forcing companies to either drop the products from their line or create entirely new formulas in the interest of public health. For companies that rely on coal tar colors, the cost of finding replacement ingredients, changing recipes, and possibly losing sales due to a less visually-appealing product, may be a death sentence.

Luckily for the concerned consumer, the future is not all grim. More and more companies are taking a different approach to marketing by tapping into buyers’ desire for natural products. The cheese industry is making a shift toward using annatto color (natural derivative from achiote seeds) to replace Yellow #5. Naturally colored and flavored alternatives to gummies, lollipops, cereals, yogurts and gums stock the shelves of many American grocery stores; you’ve surely seen that label by now: “Contains no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives.” Even pet food manufacturers are heading down the natural route. So while the FDA may not outlaw the seven remaining artificial colors tomorrow, Americans increasingly have access to naturally colored products, thus bestowing upon us the power of choice.

Source: form some website

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Be careful with saccharin and cyclamate, the following information about the dangers of artificial sweeteners...

What are artificial sweeteners and how are they regulated in the United States?

Artificial sweeteners, also called sugar substitutes, are substances that are used instead of sucrose (table sugar) to sweeten foods and beverages. Because artificial sweeteners are many times sweeter than table sugar, smaller amounts are needed to create the same level of sweetness.

Artificial sweeteners are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA, like the National Cancer Institute (NCI), is an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA regulates food, drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, biologics, and radiation-emitting products. The Food Additives Amendment to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which was passed by Congress in 1958, requires the FDA to approve food additives, including artificial sweeteners, before they can be made available for sale in the United States. However, this legislation does not apply to products that are “generally recognized as safe.” Such products do not require FDA approval before being marketed.

Is there an association between artificial sweeteners and cancer?

Questions about artificial sweeteners and cancer arose when early studies showed that cyclamate in combination with saccharin caused bladder cancer in laboratory animals. However, results from subsequent carcinogenicity studies (studies that examine whether a substance can cause cancer) of these sweeteners have not provided clear evidence of an association with cancer in humans. Similarly, studies of other FDA-approved sweeteners have not demonstrated clear evidence of an association with cancer in humans.

What have studies shown about a possible association between specific artificial sweeteners and cancer?

Saccharin

Studies in laboratory rats during the early 1970s linked saccharin with the development of bladder cancer. For this reason, Congress mandated that further studies of saccharin be performed and required that all food containing saccharin bear the following warning label: “Use of this product may be hazardous to your health. This product contains saccharin, which has been determined to cause cancer in laboratory animals.”

Subsequent studies in rats showed an increased incidence of urinary bladder cancer at high doses of saccharin, especially in male rats. However, mechanistic studies (studies that examine how a substance works in the body) have shown that these results apply only to rats. Human epidemiology studies (studies of patterns, causes, and control of diseases in groups of people) have shown no consistent evidence that saccharin is associated with bladder cancer incidence.

Because the bladder tumors seen in rats are due to a mechanism not relevant to humans and because there is no clear evidence that saccharin causes cancer in humans, saccharin was delisted in 2000 from the U.S. National Toxicology Program’s Report on Carcinogens, where it had been listed since 1981 as a substance reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen (a substance known to cause cancer). More information about the delisting of saccharin is available at http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/append/appb.pdf on the Internet. The delisting led to legislation, which was signed into law on December 21, 2000, repealing the warning label requirement for products containing saccharin.

Aspartame

Aspartame, distributed under several trade names (e.g., NutraSweet® and Equal®), was approved in 1981 by the FDA after numerous tests showed that it did not cause cancer or other adverse effects in laboratory animals. Questions regarding the safety of aspartame were renewed by a 1996 report suggesting that an increase in the number of people with brain tumors between 1975 and 1992 might be associated with the introduction and use of this sweetener in the United States. However, an analysis of then-current NCI statistics showed that the overall incidence of brain and central nervous system cancers began to rise in 1973, 8 years prior to the approval of aspartame, and continued to rise until 1985. Moreover, increases in overall brain cancer incidence occurred primarily in people age 70 and older, a group that was not exposed to the highest doses of aspartame since its introduction. These data do not establish a clear link between the consumption of aspartame and the development of brain tumors.

In 2005, a laboratory study found more lymphomas and leukemias in rats fed very high doses of aspartame (equivalent to drinking 8 to 2,083 cans of diet soda daily) (1). However, there were some inconsistencies in the findings. For example, the number of cancer cases did not rise with increasing amounts of aspartame as would be expected. An FDA statement on this study can be found at http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/ucm108650.htm on the Internet.

Subsequently, NCI examined human data from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study of over half a million retirees. Increasing consumption of aspartame-containing beverages was not associated with the development of lymphoma, leukemia, or brain cancer (2).

Acesulfame potassium, Sucralose, and Neotame

In addition to saccharin and aspartame, three other artificial sweeteners are currently permitted for use in food in the United States:
  1. Acesulfame potassium (also known as ACK, Sweet One®, and Sunett®) was approved by the FDA in 1988 for use in specific food and beverage categories, and was later approved as a general purpose sweetener (except in meat and poultry) in 2002.
  2. Sucralose (also known as Splenda®) was approved by the FDA as a tabletop sweetener in 1998, followed by approval as a general purpose sweetener in 1999.
  3. Neotame, which is similar to aspartame, was approved by the FDA as a general purpose sweetener (except in meat and poultry) in 2002.
  4. Before approving these sweeteners, the FDA reviewed more than 100 safety studies that were conducted on each sweetener, including studies to assess cancer risk. The results of these studies showed no evidence that these sweeteners cause cancer or pose any other threat to human health.

Cyclamate

Because the findings in rats suggested that cyclamate might increase the risk of bladder cancer in humans, the FDA banned the use of cyclamate in 1969. After reexamination of cyclamate’s carcinogenicity and the evaluation of additional data, scientists concluded that cyclamate was not a carcinogen or a co-carcinogen (a substance that enhances the effect of a cancer-causing substance). A food additive petition was filed with the FDA for the reapproval of cyclamate, but this petition is currently being held in abeyance (not actively being considered). The FDA’s concerns about cyclamate are not cancer related.

So, be careful with artificial sweeteners in your food or drink...!!

Source: www.cancer.gov

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